Current radiation protection regulations are largely based on recommendations of standards committees that were originally put forth in mid-20th century. Much relevant research is available now that was not available when the committees made their recommendations.

Further, evacuation response to accidents at Fukushima and other nuclear reactors suggests the need for new regulatory guidance for responding to significant radiation releases.
The scientific basis will include consideration of the societal cost of regulations including:
  • adequacy for protection of individuals and human populations in general,
  • appropriate allocation of financial resources, and
  • the trade-off between individual protection and the consequences of evacuation after radiation releases.

Excessive regulation of extremely low radiation doses increases the public fears of nuclear technology, increases the costs borne by society, and can deprive society of the full benefit of that technology.” 
- Edward Maher, Sc.D., Harvard University

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